This paper presents the general overview of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Turkey and especially in Gaziantep. The types and the used methods of MSW management are introduced and the comparisons of these management types are carried out worldwide. The updated portrait of energy demand in Gaziantep is also outlined. The portion of waste-to-energy (WTE) in the sectoral distribution is emphasized. The importance of WTE in Gaziantep and the used methodology are summarized. The upcoming importance of MSW for worldwide energy demand and especially for Gaziantep is highlighted.